ssDNA immobilization approaches
1. Noncovalent anchoring
Aromatic molecule binding, ssDNA thethering
2. Thiol attachment to gild nanoparticles
Au nanoparticle deposition followed by thiol chemistry
3. Tethering to polymer coating
PEI tethering, following our biotin immobilization approach
2 and 3 has been tried for proteins but not for DNA